Use of bone turnover markers in clinical osteoporosis assessment in women: current issues and future options
Monitoring bone turnover of the adult and aging skeleton is essential for optimal treatment of bone metabolic diseases, such as postmenopausal osteoporosis. Diagnosis of osteoporosis is based solely on dual-emission x-ray absorptiometry-based measurements of bone mineral density. However, within the…
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Long-term prevention with hormone-replacement therapy after the menopause: which women should be targeted?
For decades, hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) was considered safe and was the first choice in prevention of postmenopausal osteoporosis induced by estrogen deficiency. Numerous experimental and epidemiological studies further supported a protective effect of exogenous female sex hormones on atherog…
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Authors:
- Alexandersen P,
- Karsdal MA,
- Christiansen C,
The clinical potential of estrogen for the prevention of osteoarthritis: what is known and what needs to be done?
Osteoarthritis (OA) remains a major epidemiological problem worldwide. The lack of established chondroprotective agents limits the clinical management of this disease to relief of symptoms, such as pain and joint stiffness. The marked increase in the prevalence and incidence of OA among women after …
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Authors:
- Tankó LB,
- Karsdal MA,
- Christiansen C,